Hardy bush for zones 3–8. Prefers cool summers — struggles in hot, humid climates. Plant bare-root bushes in late winter. Prune to an open goblet shape for air circulation; remove 1/3 of oldest stems each year. American varieties more resistant to powdery mildew than European. Harvest for cooking when under-ripe (firm, green); for fresh eating wait until fully ripe and softened. Very thorny — wear thick gloves when pruning.

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